Université de Montréal Département de géographie

Accueil - Faculté des arts et des sciences

Courchesne, François

Professeur titulaire et Vice-doyen, Faculté des arts et des sciences

Coordonnées
	Local :	207-2
	Pavillon :	520, Côte Sainte-Catherine
	Teléphone :	514-343-8027
	Courriel :	francois.courchesne@umontreal.ca
	Page Web :	laboratoire de pédologie

Champs d'études

Pédogenèse, chimie des sols, biogéochimie des écosystèmes forestiers, minéralogie.

Après avoir complété en 1985 une maîtrise sur les variations temporelles des concentrations en sulfate dans un bassin-versant des Basses-Laurentides, ici-même au département, François Courchesne poursuit des études doctorales en science des sols au Collège Macdonald de l'Université McGill. Quelques années plus tard, il revient au département pour occuper un poste de professeur. De 2000 à 2004 puis de 2005 à 2009, il a été directeur du département.

Responsable du laboratoire de pédologie, il poursuit plusieurs travaux de recherche dans le domaine de la science des sols, s'intéressant particulièrement à la biogéochimie des éléments nutritifs en milieu forestier, la mobilité et la spéciation des métaux traces dans les sols contaminés, notamment dans la rhizosphère et la genèse des sols podzoliques

Publications récentes

Chapitres de livres

Courchesne, F., Masse J. et Girard, M. Submitted December 2009, accepted February 2011 The burial of Early Paleoindian artefacts in the Podzols of the Cliche-Rancourt site, Québec. Texas A&M University Press.

Masse, J., Girard, M. et Courchesne, F. 2010. L’enfouissement en profondeur des témoins culturels dans les sols du site Paléoindien ancien de Cliche-Rancourt, Québec. In: De l’archéologie analytique à l’archéologie sociale. B. Lowen, C. Chapdelaine, et A. Burke (eds.), Collection Paléo-Québec 34, Recherches amérindiennes au Québec, Montréal.

Hinsinger, Ph. and Courchesne, F. 2008. Mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids at the soil-root interface. p. 267-311 In: Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments. A. Violante, P.M. Huang and G. M. Gadd (eds.), Wiley-IUPAC Series, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey.

Macdonald, D., Bélanger, N., Sauvé, S., Courchesne, F and Hendershot, W.H. 2007. Chapter 20: Collection and Characterization of Soil Solutions. p. 179-198 In: Soil Sampling and Methods of Soil Analysis. M. R. Carter, Y. Soon and W.H. Hendershot, (eds.), Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.

Courchesne, F. and Turmel, M.-C. 2007. Chapter 26: Extractable Al, Fe, Mn and Si. p. 307-316 In: Soil Sampling and Methods of Soil Analysis. M. R. Carter, Y. Soon and W.H. Hendershot, (eds.), Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.

Kruyts, N., Chadi, S., Courchesne, F. and Sauvé, S. 2006. Chapter 2.3: Rhizosphere soil solution: Elemental and ionic composition, speciation. p. 262 In: Handbook of methods used in rhizosphere research. J. Luster and R. Finlay (eds.), Swiss Federal Research institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.

Courchesne, F. 2006. Chapter 12: Factors of soil formation: Biota. p. 165-179 In: SOILS: Basic concepts and future challenges. G. Certini and R. Scalenghe (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Gobran, G.R., Turpault, M.-P. and Courchesne, F. 2005. Contribution of rhizospheric processes to mineral weathering in forest soils. p. 3-28 In: Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere. P.M. Huang and G.R. Gobran, (eds.), Elsevier, New York.

Séguin, V., Courchesne, F., Gagnon, C., Martin, R.R., Naftel, S. and Skinner, W. 2005. Mineral weathering in the rhizosphere of forested soils. p. 29-55 In: Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere. P.M. Huang and G.R. Gobran, (eds.), Elsevier, New York.

Legrand, P., Turmel, M.-C., Sauvé, S. and Courchesne, F. 2005. Speciation and bioavailability of trace metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in the rhizosphere of contaminated soils. p. 261-299 In: Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere. P.M. Huang and G.R. Gobran, (eds.), Elsevier, New York.

Courchesne, F et Turmel, M.-C. 2005. Mass balance of organic carbon in the soils of forested watersheds from Northeastern North America. p. 383-420 In: Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Fluxes and Processes, Hydroelectric Reservoirs and Natural Environments. A. Tremblay, L. Varfalvy, C. Roehm and Garneau, M., (eds.), Environmental Science Series, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 732 pages.

Courchesne, F., Séguin, V. and Dufresne, A. 2001. Solid-phase fractionation of metals in the rhizosphere of forest soils. p. 189-206 In: Trace Elements in the Rhizosphere. G.R. Gobran, W.W. Wenzel and E. Lombi (eds.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, 321 p.

Gobran, G., Clegg, S. and Courchesne, F. 1999. The rhizosphere and trace element acquisition in soils. p. 225-250 In: Fate and Transport of Heavy Metals in the Vadose Zone. H.M. Selim and A. Iskandar (eds.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, 328 p.

Gauthier, E., Fortier, I., Courchesne, F., Mortimer, J. and Gauvreau, D. 1998. Monomeric organic aluminum as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. p. 289-299 In: Managing Health in the Aluminum Industry, N.D. Priest and T. O’Donnell (eds.), Middlesex University Press, London, 324 p.

Gobran, G.R., Courchesne, F. and Dufresne, A. 1998. Relationships between sulfate retention and release, solution pH and DOC in the soils of the Gardsjön soils. p. 207-229 In: Experimental Reversal of Acid Rain Effects: The Gardsjön Roof Project. H. Hultberg and R. Skeffington (eds.), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 466 p.

Hendershot, W.H., Courchesne, F. and Jeffries, D.S. 1996. Aluminum geochemistry at the catchment scale in watersheds influenced by acidic precipitation. p. 419-449 In: The Environmental Chemistry of Aluminum. G. Sposito (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, 317 p.

Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture

Turmel, M.-C., Courchesne, F. and Cloutier-Hurteau, B. 2011. Microbial activity and water-soluble trace element species in the rhizosphere of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. USU-perigree). Journal of Envrironmental Monitoring 13:1059-1072. DOI: 10.1039/c0em00232a

Mitchell M, G Lovett, S Bailey, F Beall, D Burns, D Buso, TA Clair, F Courchesne, L Duchesne, C Eimers, D Jeffries, S Kahl, G Likens, P Murdoch, C Roers, D Schwede, J Shanley, K Weathers, R Vet. 2011. Discrepancies in Watershed Sulfur Budgets in Southeast Canada and Northeast U.S.: A Comparative Mass Balance Approach. Biogeochemistry. 103:181-207. DOI 10.10007/s10533-010-9455-0

Ali, G, Roy, A.G., Turmel, M.-C. and Courchesne, F. 2010. Source-to-Stream Connectivity Assessment through end-member mixing analysis. Journal of Hydrology, 392:119-135.

Ali, G, Roy, A.G., Turmel, M.-C. and Courchesne, F. 2010. Multivariate Analysis as a Tool to Infer Hydrologic Response Types and Controlling Variables in a Humid Temperate Catchment. Hydrological Processes. 24: 2912-2923.

Cloutier-Hurteau, B., Sauvé, S. and Courchesne, F. 2010. Al & Zn speciation in the Rhizosphere of Forest Soils. Journal of Envrironmental Monitoring, 12:1274-1286.

Cloutier-Hurteau,B., Sauvé, S. and Courchesne, F. 2008. Influence of Microorganisms on Cu Speciation in the Rhizosphere of Forest Soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 40:2441-2451.

Stephan, C.H., Courchesne, F., Hendershot, W.H., McGrath, S., Chaudri, A.M., Sappin-Didier, V. and. Sauvé S. 2008. Speciation of zinc in contaminated soils. Environmental Pollution, 155: 208-216.

Courchesne, F., Cloutier-Hurteau B. and Turmel, M-C. 2008. Relevance of rhizosphere research for the ecological risk assessment of trace metals in soils. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 14: 54-72.

Turgeon, J. and Courchesne, F. 2008. Hydrochemistry of a headwater stream of the Canadian Shield: relevance of antecedent soil moisture conditions and of seasonality. Hydrological Processes, 22:327-339.

Cloutier-Hurteau B., Sauvé, S. and Courchesne, F. 2007. Comparing WHAM 6 and MINEQL+ 4.5 for the chemical speciation of Cu2+ in the rhizosphere of forest soils. Environmnetal Science and Technology, 41:8104-8110.

Naftel, S.J., Martin, R.R., Macfie, S.M., Courchesne, F. and Séguin, V. 2007. An investigation of metals at the soil/root interface using Synchrotron radiation analysis. Canadian Journal of Analytical Sciences and Spectroscopy, 52:18- 24.

Courchesne, F., Kruyts, N. and Legrand, P. 2006. Labile zinc concentration and free copper ion activity in the rhizosphere of forest soils. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25:635-642.

Courchesne, F., Côté, B., Fyles, J., Hendershot, W.H., Biron, P.M., Roy, A.G. and M.-C. Turmel. 2005. Recent changes in soil chemistry in a forested ecosystem of southern Québec, Canada. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69:1298-1313.

Turmel, M.-C., Turgeon, J.M.L., Courchesne, F., and Cloutier-Hurteau, B. 2005. Saisonnalité du transport de carbone organique dissous dans l’Hermine, un bassin versant de tête de réseau du Bouclier Canadien. Revue des Sciences de l’Eau, 18:353-380.

Bélanger, N., Côté, B, Fyles, J.W., Courchesne, F. and Hendershot, W.H. 2004. Forest regrowth as the controlling factor of soil nutrient availability 75 years after fire in a deciduous forest of Southern Quebec. Plant and Soil, 262:363-372.

Séguin, V., Gagnon, C. and Courchesne, F. 2004. Changes in water extractable metals, pH and organic carbon concentrations at the soil-root interface of forested soils. Plant & Soil, 260:1-17.

Bélanger, N., Paré, D. and Courchesne, F. 2004. Regression equations for estimating throughfall nutrient fluxes using wet deposition data and their applicability for simulating the soil acid-base status using the dynamic forest soil-atmosphere model SAFE. Ecological Modelling, 175:151-167.

Marquette, G., Gray, J.T., Gosse, J.C., Courchesne, F., Stockli, L., MacPherson, G. and Finkel, R. 2004. Felsenmeer persistence under non-erosive ice in the Torngat and Kaumajet mountains, Québec and Labrador, as determined by soil weathering and cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating. Canadian Journal Earth Sciences, 41:19-38.

Martin, R.R., Naftel, S., Macfie, S., Skinner, W., Courchesne, F., and Séguin, V. 2004. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry studies on the distribution of metals between the soil, rhizosphere and roots of Populus Tremuloides Minchx growing in forest soil. Chemosphere, 54:1121-1125.

Sauvé, S., Manna, S., Turmel, M.-C., Roy, A.G and Courchesne, F. 2003. Solid-solution partitioning of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the organic horizons of a forest soil. Environmental Science & Technology, 37:5191-5196.

Côté, B., Bélanger, N., Courchesne, F., Fyles, J.W., Hendershot, W.H. 2003. A cyclical but asynchronous pattern of fine root production and radial growth in a hardwood forest of southern Quebec and its relationships with annual variation of temperature and nutrient availability. Plant & Soil, 250:49-57.

Courchesne, F. , Hallé, J.-P. et Turmel, M.-C. 2002. Bilans élémentaires holocènes et altération des minéraux dans trois sols forestiers du Québec méridional. Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 56 :5-17.

Naftel, S.J., Martin, R.R., Courchesne, F., Séguin, V. and Protz, R. 2002. Studies of the effects of soil biota on metal biovailability. Canadian Journal of Analytical Sciences and Spectroscopy, 47:36-40.

Bélanger, N., Côté, B, Courchesne, F., Fyles, J.W., Warfvinge, P., and Hendershot, W.H. 2002. Simulation of soil chemistry and nutrient availability in a forested ecosystem of southern Quebec. Part I. Reconstruction of the time-series files of nutrient cycling using the MAKEDEP model. Environmental Modelling and Software, 17:427-445.

Bélanger, N., Courchesne, F., Côté, B,.Fyles, J.W., Warfvinge, P., and Hendershot, W.H. 2002. Simulation of soil chemistry and nutrient availability in a forested ecosystem of southern Quebec. Part II. Application of the SAFE model. Environmental Modelling and Software, 17:447-465.

Siddiqui M.F.R., Loranger, S., Courchesne, F., Kennedy G. and Zayed J. 2001. Manganese contamination in organic soil, bean and oat plants as related to traffic volume. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 30: 43-51.

Silva, P.R.M., El Khakani, M.A., Chaker, M., Dufresne, A. and Courchesne, F. 2001. Simultaneous determination of Cd, Pb, and Cu metal trace concentrations in water certified samples and soil extracts by means of Hg-electroplated-Ir microelectrode array based sensors. Sensors and Actuators B, 76: 250-257.

Gauthier, E., Fortier, I., Courchesne, F., Pepin, P., Mortimer, J. and Gauvreau, D. 2001. Environmental pesticide exposure as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: A case-control study. Environmental Research Section A, 86: 37-45.

Courchesne, F., Roy, A.G., Biron, P.M., Côté, B., Fyles, J. and Hendershot, W.H. 2001. Fluctuations of climatic conditions, elemental cycling and forest growth at the watershed scale. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 67: 161-177.

Courchesne, F. 2000. Breaking the barrier of conceptual locks. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 90: 782-785.

Gauthier, E., Fortier, I., Courchesne, F., Pepin, P., Mortimer, J. and Gauvreau, D. 2000. Aluminum forms in drinking water and risk of Alzheimer's disease. Environmental Research Section A, 84: 234-246.

Cours enseignés

GÉO 2142 - Pédologie
GÉO 3161 - Bassins-versants
GÉO 3182 - Terrain en géographie physique II
GÉO 6142 - Biogéochimie environnementale
GEO 6012 - Recherche

Communications récentes

Mitchell M, G Lovett, S Bailey, F Beall, D Burns, D Buso, TA Clair, F Courchesne, L Duchesne, C Eimers, D Houle, D Jeffries, G Likens, S Norton, D Schwede, J Shanley, K Weathers, R Vet. Discrepancies in Watershed Sulfur Budgets in Southeast Canada and Northeast U.S.: A Comparative Mass Balance Approach. NADP Meeting, Saratoga Springs, New York, USA.

Courchesne F., Turmel M-C and Cloutier-Hurteau B. 2008. Microbes in the rhizosphere and trace metal uptake by wheat. International SETAC Conference, Sydney, Australia.

Hendershot W.H., Foucher, É., Macfie S, Turmel M-C and Courchesne F. 2008. Trace element content of vegetables grown in urban gardens International SETAC Conference, Sydney, Australia.

Cloutier-Hurteau, B., Sauvé, S. et Courchesne, F. 2007. Microbial Influence on Al Speciation in the Rhizosphere of Forest Soils. Rhizosphère 2, Montpellier, France.

Gingras, N. et Courchesne, F. 2007. The biogeochemical cycling of manganese in a forested ecosystem of the Canadian Shield. Gordon Research Conference on Catchment Science: interactions of hydrology, biology and geochemistry. New Hampshire, USA.

Courchesne, F., Legrand, P., Kruyts, N. and Turmel, M.-C. 2007. Root-induced acidification and trace metal speciation in the rhizosphere of forest soils. Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, San Francisco, USA.

Hinsinger, P., Chaignon, V., Cloutier-Hurteau, B., Cornu, J.-Y., Legrand, P., Michaud, A., Séguin, V. and Courchesne, F. 2006. Rhizosphere: A unique interface for understanding the fate of trace metals – The example of copper. 18th World Congress of Soil Science, Philadelphia, USA.

Cloutier-Hurteau, B., Sauvé, S. and Courchesne, F. 2006. Microbial effects on the fractionation of Cu and Zn in the rhizosphere of forest soil. 18th World Congress of Soil Science, Philadelphia, USA.

Courchesne, F., Legrand, P., Kruyts, N. and Turmel, M.-C. 2005. Root-induced acidification, elemental distribution and trace metal speciation in the rhizosphere of forest soils. Acid Rain 2005, 7th International Conference on Acid Deposition, Prague, Czech Republic

Courchesne, F., Côté, B., Fyles, J.W., Hendershot, W.H., Roy, A.G., Biron, P. and Turmel, M.-C. 2005..Recent trends in the soil chemistry of the Hermine, a forested watershed of southern Québec, Canada. Acid Rain 2005, 7th International Conference on Acid Deposition, Prague, Czech Republic.

Cloutier-Hurteau, B., Courchesne, F. and Sauvé, S. 2005. Links between microbial activity and the speciation of Cu in the rhizosphere of contaminated forest soils. 8th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, Adelaide, Australia.

Skinner, W. M., Martin, R. R., Naftel S. J.,. Macfie S., Courchesne F. and Séguin V. 2005. Multi-technique studies of the distribution of metals between the soil, rhizosphere and roots of Populus tremuloides growing in forest soil. 8th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, Adelaide, Australia.

Courchesne, F. 2005. L’études des cycles biogéochimiques pour la détection des changements environnementaux. Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.

Courchesne, F. 2005. Cycles biogéochimiques et signaux environnementaux dans un bassin forestier du Bouclier Canadien. IFR-Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Étudiants dirigés

Wagner, N. M.Sc. 10-en cours: Hydrochemistry during spring snowmelt
Augustin, F. Ph.D. 10- en cours: Mineral weathering rates in Podzols
Masse, J. M.Sc. 09-en cours: Trace elements in forest soils
Duquette, M-C. M.Sc. 07-09: Microlysimeter for rhizosphere solution
Gingras, N. M.Sc. 05-08 : Biogeochemistry of Mn in the Hermine
Fleury, C. M.Sc. 04-07: Mn in the rhizosphere of Acer
Kruyts, N. PDF 03-04: Zn speciation in the rhizosphere
Turgeon, J. M.Sc. 02-04: Carbon and nitrogen cycling
Legrand, P. M.Sc. 01-04 Cu speciation in the rhizosphere
C.-Hurteau, B Ph.D. 01-08: Microbial activity in the rhizosphere
Forget, N. M.Sc. 99-05 Salt retention in roadside soils
Lafrenière, F. M.Sc. 99-04: Role of OM on metal retention
Séguin, V.Ph.D. 98-xx: Metals in the rhizosphere
Côté, V. M.Sc. 97-99: Metal fractionation in urban soils
Ait Hssaine, A PDF 95-96: Soil mineralogy in the Souss valley
Langlois, J. M.Sc. 94-96: Anion competition in Podzols
Gauthier, É. Ph.D. 93-99: Al and Alzheimer’s disease
Gauthier, J. M.Sc. 92-95: Soil contribution to stream chemistry
Turmel, M.-C. M.Sc. 92-94: Coating effect on mineral weathering
René, L.-P. M.Sc. 91-94: Reaction kinetics in soils
Landry, R. M.Sc. 89-xx: Sulfate retention and organic acids
Beauchemin, P. M.Sc. 89-92 Weathering and Mg and K release
Lévesque, M.A. M.Sc. 89-91 Throughfall and fertilization at Hermine

Étudiants co-dirigés

L'heureux, C. M.Sc. 09-en cours: Soil solution and stream hydrochemistry
Hobeila, J. M.Sc. 04-07: Microbiologie d’un cours d’eau
Anka-T. M.Sc. 03-06: Cd, Mn & Zn in organic horizons
Manna, S. M.Sc. 00-03: Trace metals in organic horizons
Marquette, G. M.Sc. 98-02: Felsenmeer distribution in Ungava
Drouin, D. M.Sc. 96-99: Modelling hydrology: TOPMODEL
Siddiqui, M. M.Sc. 94-96: MMT and manganese in soils
Chaumont, D. M.Sc. 93-95: Mineralogic tracing in rivers
Brault, N. M.Sc. 92-94: Manganese bioavailability